Wrongful Conviction of Mark Diaz Bravo Essay Example

Unjust Conviction of Mark Diaz Bravo Essay Mr. Imprint Diaz Bravo was on his ordinary obligations as an attendant at the metropolitan State clinic in Los Angeles on 20 February, 1990, when quite a while tolerant in the emergency clinic educated a watchman that she had been assaulted. The woman gave out certain names of the individuals she regarded suspects during a meeting with the medical clinic specialists. She included Bravo’s name as one of the most speculated individuals behind the assault. The next morning Bravo was captured and accused of assault. He kept up that he was not associated with the wrongdoing since he left the emergency clinic at around 11;00 am that morning and he had returned later in that evening in the wake of going to a few gatherings till 3:00 pm. He proceeded to state that he even returned home after that day’s work without information on what had occurred that day. In spite of the fact that the barrier lawyer had requested DNA testing to be done by the locale attorney’s office on the things that were in the area of the wrongdoing before the preliminary, the arraignment during the preliminary contended that there was no solicitation for DNA testing before preliminary and he in this way requested that the court proceed without the DNA tests. In the end, the court indicted Bravo and in this way condemned him to eight years in jail. The main proof presented by the arraignment was a cover that was in the wrongdoing scene. It had a few hints of male organic stores with the blood found in just 3% of the individuals suspected, with Bravo included. Bogus affirms by the examination demonstrated that solitary 1.5 % of the male individuals had that blood classification. This came about to the hearers accepting that there was twofold measurement likelihood than it was truly suspected to be at first. This bit of proof was reinforced by the ID of the person in question. The indictment of the Bravo case put together its contention with respect to a few issue; Bravo had been named by the casualty as her attacker just as the distinguishing proof she made in the court during the preliminary; Mark Diaz bravo had made some distortion of himself in his past requests for employment just as business cards; Bravo’s blood classification was reliable to the blood tests that were performed on a cover close to the location of wro ngdoing We will compose a custom article test on Wrongful Conviction of Mark Diaz Bravo explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Wrongful Conviction of Mark Diaz Bravo explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Wrongful Conviction of Mark Diaz Bravo explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Bravo’s endeavors to make claim right to the California Supreme Court were disaccorded. Afterward, the State Supreme Court precluded chance from claiming looking at new proof and therefore maintained Bravo’s conviction. On October 1993, the case was sent back to the Los Angeles Supreme Court.â Post conviction movements were permitted and DNA testing was directed. The testing was done on a sweeping, sheet and a couple of underwear which were taken from the area of wrongdoing. On December 24, 1993, the outcomes were discharged showing that none of the stains were coordinating with the DNA profile of Bravo just as the assault casualty. Bravo’s advocate recorded a writ of habeas corpus on January 4, 1994.Consequently Bravo’s conviction as the culprit was pulled back followed by a request by the Supreme Court Judge on January 6, 1994 to have bravo discharged right away. The appointed authority expressed that Mr. Bravo didn't get a reasonable path, that the ca sualty had retracted her declaration and that the DNA test had demonstrated verifiable. The charges against Bravo were dropped subsequently on January 7, 1994 and Bravo was discharged from jail in the wake of going through three years there of his sentence (James, 1996, p.564). This instance of assault was unquestionably unpleasant for the person in question and her family, however capturing and sentencing an inappropriate individual for the wrongdoing he didn't carry out makes him a casualty as well while the genuine perpetuator is as yet strolling free in the avenues and maybe proceeding to threaten others with similar acts or increasingly rough and genuine violations. The law authorization  â officers should have thought about what the survivor of the wrongdoing needs to state, the occasions that happened to her, the methodology made to the person in question, what the culprit stated, what weapons he had if any just as the mien of the casualty as she was discussing the wrongdoing; she was in stun state, or in the event that she was concocting the proof. They should consider that the said culprit would invest his energy in jail by their words. The law requirement officials along with the examiners additionally need to comprehend that there are difficul ties just as issues that generally win in the criminal equity framework before fixing anything (Cassell, 2004, p. 657). There are in excess of hundreds honest litigants previously serving their prison terms. A few reports have shown that around 25 percent of the blameless litigants in prison were sentenced wrongly even before accessibility of legal DNA composing. It is the commitment of the court and the whole criminal equity framework to choose whether these individuals should keep being detained or request the testing of DNA. On the off chance that they are discovered honest, at that point they ought to be liberated and the real culprits followed, arraigned and hanged! To achieve this law, there is the necessities to provide food for the claims that are recorded upon the criminal equity framework for unjust detainment and the foundation of law to cook for many dollars that are required for DNA testing. This DNA innovation can be used inside the current lawful system in fixing past treacheries. This can be cooperated to stay away from unfair conviction of the past just as making another conceivable b etter arrangement of indicting the current and future culprits of the violations. All through the Criminal equity framework there are a few instances of unfair conviction simply like Bravo’s with certain convicts being absolved from death row. A few legal hearers feel very certain about blame of they have pronounced the convict ought to be in jail. The absence of adequate proof, the wrongdoing just as the irrational hypothesis brought by the indictment are dubious of unfair conviction and requirements re-appraising intercession to toss out such sort of imperfect conviction. The Criminal equity framework is best seen as a way to deal with look for reasonable equity. Its decision groups direct effects on the worried just as the trust of people in general to the framework. To make enhancement for the productivity of the framework; the criminological usage of DNA would get pivotal in the quest for such equity. DNA innovation improvement helps investigators just as the police in the war against wrongdoing. It encourages investigators to convincingly discover the defendant’s blame. Much the same as figure prints, DNA proof furnishes the examiners with pivotal devices in distinguishing and securing some fierce wrongdoing culprits particularly in rape cases. DNA helps with looking for realities by excusing the blameless suspect. A few times the criminal equity framework happens to be less trustworthy, with certain cases in look for reality taking a convoluted way. A few people who don’t confess are indicted and in this way condemned to long haul jail terms. Similar individuals later on challenges their feelings by utilization of DNA tests on the overarching proof and wind up picking up their opportunity subsequent to serving a few years in jail (Choo, 1993, p. 75). DNA profiling presentation has made some critical transformation in the criminal equity framework. It has allowed the police and courts a method of discovering wrongdoing culprits with level of certainty. At first the main techniques used breaking down hereditary marker of the blood and other body liquids incorporated the retention elution test, the lattes test and the ingestion hindrance test. ABO blood bunch substances and ABO iosantibidies were the main ones that could be recognized in natural stain proof. With time the framework embraced the electrophoretic methodology for composing polymorphic proteins that included esterase D, glyoxalase, phosphoglucomutase and hemoglobin. Despite the fact that these techniques had the capacity of narrowing down the conceivable wellspring of organic stain proof, they as a rule didn't give the outcome because of weakening of the hereditary marker and finished creating mistaken outcomes. DNA have been utilized altogether to propel the natural stain proof examination including for certain reasons, for example, its particle has more security than polymorphicâ proteins, it has more odds of excusing wrongly denounced suspects and that microbial debasement never results to wrong outcomes. DNA profiling has even prompted reviving and looking at the old cases. Utilizing this new innovation, individuals sentenced for homicide just as assault have gotten the opportunity to have their cases revived and reevaluated. An exploration study did by the organization of Law and Justice distinguished 28 situations where DNA testing came about to exemption of people at first sentenced for assault just as murder. DNA profiling has additionally been urgent in amending bad form where the data at first was recounted. The DNA profiling research results should give solid contentions in helping law authorization organizations in making DNA labs for testing. DNA profiling appearance would go far in cubing unnatural birth cycles of equity. Mary speculates who are wrongly denounced would be excused in the main phases of testing of physical proof even before thinking about arraignment. Notwithstanding these, DNA would require sufficient lawful advice to make counsels with able logical specialists. The DNA profiling ought not be utilized specifically. There ought to be adequate chance to complete the testing just as managing the test of the expense of carr

Environmental Problems, Climate Change and Global Warming Essay

Natural Problems, Climate Change and Global Warming - Essay Example This paper talks about that there is a requirement for plan of ecological morals that can assist us with understanding and address the issues comprehensively. This may incorporate first tending to the issues of efficient and institutional types of developmentalism since they are the major contributing components. This will make a feeling of integrative way to deal with these issues consequently making a decent startup point for tending to the ecological issues. It is of critical essentialness to offer credit to the change in outlook from Oil to Soil. This is very helpful since it prompts a feeling of natural thought. It is critical to comprehend that without nature, there can be no assets like the oil. Once more, with an unconducive situation, the advantages we get from the earth won't help us that much. In this way, it is significant that when we get profits by nature, including the oils, we ought to be cognizant and circumspect about the destiny of the dirt or the earth for the mos t part. The facts confirm that numerous individuals in the industrialized nations consistently see issues addressing ecological contemplations nearby advancements as unreasonable or optimistic. This follows they generally come up short on a feeling of ecological contemplations following most of their activities. In any case, so as to manage this, there ought to be arrangements set up that control modern exercises concerning the emanations. What's more, there ought to be set natural norms that ought to be met by those industrialized countries.

Lady Gaga Case Studyanalysis free essay sample

Woman Sagas unconventional clothing and mentality had caught the consideration of numerous fans. Adventures (3) hit melodies had caught the creative mind of many. ; Producer Vincent Herbert marked Lady Gaga to acclaim. Celebrated maker of Streamline Records; Vincent Herbert moved toward Lady Gaga and promotion her sign on.Being under Herbert creation organization she had (3) hit tunes under The Fame collection. Woman Gaga had been catching the Imagination of numerous fans with her offbeat style, make up, and music. Shortcomings: experience that a considerable lot of the other music craftsmen had. ; Lady Gaga had just smoothed out and visited the club scene not giving her the presentation she required before the greater groups. On October 2008 she opened up for the all kid band known as New Kids on the Block, her experience was exceptionally insignificant in light of the fact that she had no genuine show presentation to truly bring her name out and playing before the large rambunctious of+/ - ask fans. We will compose a custom article test on Woman Gaga Case Studyanalysis or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page All of Lady Sagas presentation was for the most part acting in the dance club scene. Openings: Social Media Marketing: Backbone Twitter Lady Gaga deals with her own (Backbone and Twitter) accounts. This is to guarantee that whatever data gets inputted is by her just and nobody else. I accept this is the means by which she monitors quality control. O Should Lady Gaga proceed in using the internet based life it would just be to her advantage on making a more grounded fan base thus those that are commendable devotees keep on following her whether it is on an ordinary, eek or month to month premise. Computerized Marketing: Lady Gaga has an advanced advertising group who is capable in ensuring that her substance is being advanced by different types of media. Dangers: Other Artists: Lady Gaga would need to contend with a portion of those craftsmen who have pulled in and built up an enormous fan base in the music business. ; Being another exceptional craftsman she would need to separate herself from the entirety of the other music craftsmen who have just been set up and have fans tailing them. ; The Compact Disk showcase has declined because of different available resources that one can accomplish now a days.These days one can without much of a stretch download a melody or a collection relying upon Nat their inclination might be. Wom an Gaga has created and made her own picture and brand that has totally separate her from every other craftsman. Performing solo without Kenya West is likely a DOD thought for her to get all the consideration that will be expected to commence her profession and giving her a spot to contend with the large name specialists. Woman Gaga is a notable name and has an extremely solid way it positions itself in the objective market.Her live execution of Paparazzi was finished with an overwhelming applause from the crowd. The presentation at the VIM grants sent her to the following level as per Campbell. Woman Sagas creation and supervisory group was thinking Neither to venture out into the 25 show visit that was initially booked En Kenya West was the principle star however after the trick he pulled at the honors that consequently placed a take to the makers in the business and perhaps influencing Lady Sagas ascend to stardom.Option 2: Develop a littler, theater visit and alter the financial matters in like manner o A choice that the creation and supervisory crew for Lady Gaga may need to sibyl investig ate might be performing for a setting not as extensive as the one they recently had as a top priority going on visit with Kenya West. I realize they need to be as traditionalist however much as could reasonably be expected yet feel they have to face that challenge and Jump into it huge on the off chance that they need her to hit fame snappier than any time in recent memory. On the off chance that she was gaining positive ground acting in the club scene come at the situation from her perspective and envision what could occur on the off chance that she is released into a greater audience.While Lady Gaga is a hot thing right now then you have to prop it up while it keeps going. Alternative 3: Cancel any visit plans I don't believe that dropping the visit is a positive route for Lady Gaga to push ahead in. Woman Gaga had Just won Best New Artist, Best Special Effects, and Best Art Direction; so the entirety of this is at present new on the people groups mind and accept that proceeding with the visit alone is to her greatest advantage. In the event that she doesn't proceed with the visit it might potentially prevent her profession being this might be the just one shot she might be ever getting. Tryingly feel that it is in the wellbeing for the creation and supervisory crew o push ahead with the performance visit. Should her group choose in pushing ahead with this I think this will be incredible planning for her name to fan out significantly more and make more grounded name for herself in the music business. Her creation and supervisory group needs to comprehend that she has Just won Best New Artist, Best Special Effects, and Best Art Direction and these should assist her with situating herself deliberately in all territories that she will act in for her visit. This planning is ideal for her to make a solid name for herself.

Professional Writing Service

Professional Writing ServiceWorking with a good writing service can help any small business to expand its reach. In today's economy, it is not enough to have the right product or service; people need more than that to be interested in them.To find a good writing service that can help your business, start by checking out the resources you have available. The internet is a great resource and this should be explored carefully. When you start to do this, you will find there are a lot of writing services out there that can help your business grow and succeed.A great part of this is because the internet is a way for people to visit different avenues of resources. Just look through some of the directories and see what services they have. It's really easy to do and you'll likely find a great service that you can work with.Another part of this is looking into business groups that are out there looking for writing services. You may even want to talk to others in your industry who are strugglin g to get the word out. Many times you can get a good recommendation from them and ask around about them.When you are looking for a professional writer, it is very important to find someone who knows your target market. You can't hire a generic writer to write about something that everyone wants to hear about. What makes a great writer?Find out what makes them unique and make sure they will be able to work well with your company. Also, do you know where you can find their testimonials?Canadian companies do everything they can to reach out to their target audience. They know they must take a certain personality type of personality in order to reach out to the audience they are aiming for. This is why when you find a good writer, they can make a big difference.

Essay on The Effects of Imperialism - 1278 Words

NAME DATE PERIOD ESSAY DBQ: Effects of Imperialism AP WORLD HISTORY Document-Based Question: Effects of Imperialism Directions: The following question is based on the accompanying Documents 1- 13 (The documents have been edited for the purpose of this exercise.) This question is designed to test your ability to work with and understand historical documents. Write an essay that: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · Has a relevant thesis and supports that thesis with evidence from the documents. Uses all or all but one of the documents. Analyzes the documents by grouping them in as many appropriate ways as possible. Does not simply summarize the documents individually. Takes into account both the sources of the documents and the author’s points of view.†¦show more content†¦. . Document 6 From: Cecil Rhodes, British imperialist in Africa, Confessions of Faith, 1877 I contend that we [Britons] are the finest race in the world, and the more of the world we inhabit, the better it is for the human race†¦It is our duty to seize every opportunity of acquiring more territory and we should keep this one idea steadily before our eyes that more territory simply means more Anglo-Saxon race, more of the best, the most human, most honourable race the world possesses. Document 7 From: Romesh Dutt, The Economic History of India Under Early British Rule Englishmen†¦have given the people of India the greatest human blessing – peace. They have introduced Western education. This has brought an ancient and civilized nation in touch with modern thought, modern sciences and modern life. They have built an administration that is strong and efficient. They have framed wise laws and have established courts of justice. DBQ EFFECTS OF IMPERIALISM 3 Document 8 From: German cartoon, entitled Thus colonize the English,† early 20 th century Document 9 From: Rudyard Kipling, â€Å"The White Man’s Burden,† 1899 Take up the White Man’s burden – Send forth the best ye breed – Go, bind your sons to exile To serve your captives’ need; To wait, in heavy harness, On fluttered folk and wild – Your new-caught sullen peoples, Half devil and half child. Document 10 From:Show MoreRelatedThe Negative Effects Of Imperialism884 Words   |  4 PagesImperialism. Noun. A policy of extending a country’s power and influence through diplomacy or military force. Imperialism is an age-old practice in which powerful countries will engulf or take over smaller weaker countries to expand their empire. New imperialism has the same idea, but it would have started in the 1870’s and the motive to continue this practice was heavily economic. Imperial powers will expand their empire for many different reasons, the victims or the colonist will make an attemptRead MoreImperialism And Its Effects On Society1513 Words   |  7 PagesWhen a person thinks of Imperialism and its effects what is the first concept they might envision? Slavery? Poverty? The empire that covered the world? One might think of men in power or men as the forefront of every decision. While those are all logical assumptions, in reality, in a paradisiacal reality they are not comple tely accurate. The ignored onlookers in these disparagements were women. Women are the ones who witness the choices being made, they understand the changes taking place, but wereRead MoreNegative Effects Of Imperialism973 Words   |  4 Pagestoday. America annexed many new and useful lands due to this decision. Imperialism therefore, was justified because it provided protection and food for the developing countries. Imperialism also helped the United States acquire countless amounts of land with an abundance of resources. However, many argue that imperialism was harmful because it caused many people to lose their lives. Imperialism had many positive effects because the United States would protect and help the developing countriesRead MoreNegative Effects Of Imperialism850 Words   |  4 Pages Imperialism is defined as the policy when a powerful nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, economically, or socially. Imperialism was mostly devised because of the nationalistic feelings that the industrial revolution produced. In my opinion, imperialism has had both good and harmful effects on the world. In some ways, it has brought modernization to countries that were stuck in their old ways. In some cases, I believe it would have been better to leave these countries alone, butRead MoreNegative Effects of Imperialism1321 Words   |  6 PagesThe Dark Side of Imperialism Imagine for a moment that you are a fourteen-year old boy and belong to the Ibo tribe in Nigeria, Africa. Your father is a yam farmer and holds an important tribal position in your clan. Your mother is one of five wives to your father, all of whom treat him with respect and serve his every need. You are content with your life and your future looks promising. Your days consist of aiding your father in farming his crops and learning the culture and traditions of yourRead MoreNegative Effects Of Imperialism1139 Words   |  5 Pagesevents are talked about. That just shows what imperialism causes. Imperialism is when a dominant country seeks to increase their size and forces (either by war or diplomacy) a smaller country to submit to their rule. The Age of Imperialism began in the 1870s and went until World War 1. During this time imperialism was very prevalent and the events that took place during this time had lasting effects and still affect us to this day. While imperialism could b e seen as beneficial, especially to theRead MoreImperialism And Its Effects On America860 Words   |  4 Pages Imperialism is the acquisition of new territories by a state and the incorporation of these territories into a political system as subordinate colonies (Tignor G-12). Under imperialism, stronger nations attempt to create empires by governing fragile nations; economically, politically, culturally, or military. The reason why this imperialism grew in Africa and Asia was because of economic factors, nationalist factors, military factors, and humanist factors. Not everyone agreed with imperialism, theRead MoreThe Effect Of Imperialism And Nationalism1092 Words   |  5 Pages The effects of imperialism and nationalism brought the world into an unenviable position during the early 1900 s. Colonies began to revolt against their rulers and left civilian unrest behind. The people began to question and change different structures of governments. Wars began to brew amongst nations and revolutions sparked. These events, however, remain far from inconsequential to modern day societies. Certain aspects, specifically, Gandhi s non-violent resistance, Karl Marx s The CommunistRead MoreEffects of imperialism in Asia.1840 Words   |  8 PagesWhat impact did Western imperialism and colonialism have on Asia That Colonialism and imperialism played a significant role in shaping the modern world and particularly Asia is a prudent judgment. Colonialism is a policy in which a country rules other nations and develops trade for its own benefit and the extension of power or authority over others in the interests of domination (2004). The West, which refers to the societies of Europe and their genealogical, colonial, and philosophicalRead MoreEffects of Industrialization and Imperialism Essay1567 Words   |  7 PagesWORLD HISTORY RESEARCH PAPER Effects of Industrialization and Imperialism Unit 6: Imperialism World History Honors / Block #6 Due: April 16, 2013 Therefore, one must understand how throughout the times of Imperialism, and Industrial Revolution, aspects such as working conditions, population expansion and colonial enhancement prove why advancements were beneficial to the modern world in the long run. â€Æ' The Industrial Revolution marked a time in history when advancements in technology

A Brief Note On Lowering The Drinking Age - 875 Words

Thesis: Lowering the drinking age would cause greater brain damage, an increase in alcoholism rates, and will increase the amount of alcohol-related traffic accidents. Lowering the drinking age will damage the teenagers’s still -developing brain. Different sections of the brain develop at different times. The human brain is not fully developed until the mid-twenties. The use of alcohol before full development can cause many issues down the road. â€Å"The brain’s frontal lobes are important for planning, forming ideas, making decisions, and using self-control† 5 Lowering the drinking age to eighteen leaves room for six to eight more years of development. If teens are allowed to drink, their ability to make decisions and their self-control is affected; this puts them in harm’s way and could put them in difficult situations that they are not able to handle. Too much alcohol can make someone act without thinking or even become violent at times. â€Å"Drinkin g alcohol over a long period of time can damage the frontal lobes forever.† 5 The frontal lobes are responsible for so much a person’s life and if they are damaged before they are developed then there can be long-term. A lower drinking age will make teenagers more susceptible to brain damage in their underdeveloped brains both at the moment of intoxication and long-term. Lowering the drinking age would make teens more susceptible to alcoholism later in life. Alcoholism has become a growing problem in America. Studies have beenShow MoreRelatedPros And Cons Of Lowering The Drinking Age1822 Words   |  8 Pagescase, the legal drinking age in the United States is 21 years old. However, the minimum legal drinking age drastically varies across the rest of the globe, with some countries allowing legal alcohol consumption before individuals have even turned 18 years old. Since the legal drinking age was changed to 21 years, it has been a controversial issue in the United Stat es. For decades, there have been debates on the pros and cons of lowering the legal age. In fact, there have even been brief periods of timeRead MoreI Was A Bad Kid959 Words   |  4 Pagesthe state in the science fair and did well academically. My age of rebelling started roughly upon my sophomore year of high school when I was around 14 years old due to my understanding, memories that were repressed being surfaced regarding my childhood when something bad happened to me for over a year in Kenya, Africa where I grew up. It was not by a family member so I really could not blame anyone. I would like to clarify my â€Å"rebel† age consisted of smoking weed daily, excessively cutting classRead MoreBenefits Of Physical Training Patients With Diabetes And Chronic Kidney Disease2469 Words   |  10 Pagesdiabetes in their lifetime and half of the ethnic minorities will be affected. It is worthwhile to note that obesity was reported as the reason for the tremendous increase.4 Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common disorder and occurs in the elderly population. In younger patients, it is associated with the loss of kidney function over a period of time, 30% of the elderly patients over 65years of age with CKD do not have progressive disease with loss of kidney function over a period of time.5Read MoreImpact of Media on Teenagers3405 Words   |  14 Pagesthe ways in which viewers or participants perceive the world and their own place within that world. Given that teenagers are often highly impressionable and subject to such influences, this report will consider the effects of media on this particular age group. Specifically, the report will consider the ways Text of the Paper: The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. We want to give you as much information as we possibly can about our papers and essays,Read MoreBusiness Environment5822 Words   |  24 PagesMODULE -3 Business Around Us Notes 3 BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT nderstanding the environment within which the business has to operate is very important for running a business unit successfully at any place. Because, the environmental factors influence almost every aspect of business, be it its nature, its location, the prices of products, the distribution system, or the personnel policies. Hence it is important to learn about the various components of the business environment, which consists of the economicRead MoreCase Analysis6978 Words   |  28 PagesElectrical P 4,000 P 5,700 Lighting P 2,000 P 3,200 Air conditioning P 14,000 P 12,000 Total P 20,000 P 20,900 Equipment Alternative 1 Alternative 2 Cardio-vascular machines (bikes, rowers) P 38,000 P 78,000 Cardio theatre P 7,000 P 7,800 Drinking fountain P 1,100 P 1,100 Total P 46,100 P 86,900 A residual figure at the end of 6 years was estimated at P 6,000 for alternative 1 and P 9,000 for alternative 2. Professional fees and charges Professional fees and charges have been estimatedRead MoreEnvironment Studies8323 Words   |  34 Pageswater to potable water, the amount of energy needed is prohibited (Ehrlich 1990). Thus water has become quite a scare commodity that few countries and civilizations seem to take into consideration. 3. Discuss the global environmental crisis in brief. Answer: 1) Global destruction of forests and phytoplankton in the oceans (these capture carbon dioxide - 59% land, 41% oceans – hold moisture and soil, preserve species, moderate the environment and give off oxygen). 2) World wide soil erosionRead MorePediatric Nursing Study Guide -- Covering Communicable Diseases/ Blood Disorders/Childhood Cancers/Integumentary5211 Words   |  21 PagesViral Exanthems (w/ rashes) * Roseola – (6mo – 3yr of age) from page 1061 and notes (Ch 38) * (Exanthem Subitum) * Agent: Human herpesvirus 6 * Source: Unknown – possibly from saliva of healthy adult; entry via nasal, buccal or conjunctival mucosa * Incubation period: 5-15 days * Communicable: Febrile period * Transmission: Unknown – year round; no reported contact with infected individual in most cases. (peak age 6-15 mo of life) * Immunity: Active, naturally acquiredRead MoreMarketing Research and Information Systems47836 Words   |  192 Pagesresearch in decision making †¢ Outline the contents of a research brief †¢ Outline the contents of a research proposal, and †¢ Explain in detail each of the principal steps in research design. Structure Of The Chapter This chapter begins by explaining the limitations of marketing research in so much that it serves to reduce rather than remove the risks attendant to decision making. The discussion proceeds to an outline of the research brief which has to be drawn up for the guidance of the individualRead MoreChapter II : Chapter Summaries12207 Words   |  49 PagesAbby’s. â€Å"Going to work?† â€Å"Aren’t you a smart man.† â€Å"Do you need a ride? I’m going past there anyway.† Vitya spoke to me with a delicious snark that I loved about her. She didn’t hesitate at the unlocked passenger door and placed one leg inside before lowering her skinny rear into the car. â€Å"Thanks, I was going to be late.† I nodded and tried to seem relaxed. She was looking at me with a strong gaze, completely unabashed and unashamed that she was staring. I could see her blatantly checking me out this

Western Music Genres free essay sample

The blue notes that, for expressive reposes are sung or played flattened or gradually bent (minor 3rd to major 3rd) in relation to the pitch of the major scale, are also an important part of the sound. Jazz Jazz is a music that originated at the beginning Of the 20th century, arguably earlier, within the African-American communities of the Southern United States. Its roots lie in the adoption by African-Americans of European harmony and form, taking on those European elements and combining them into their existing African-based music.Its African musical basis is evident in its use of blue notes, improvisation, polymath, syncopation and the swung toe. From its early development until the present day, jazz has also incorporated elements from popular music especially, in its early days, from American popular music. It differs from European music in that jazz has a special relationship to time defined as swing', involves a spontaneity and vitality of musical production in which improvisation plays an important role and contains a sonority and manner of phrasing which express the individuality of the performing jazz musician. Rock and roll Rock n roll is a genre of popular music that originated and evolved in the United States during the late 1 9405 and early 1 9505, primarily from a combination of African-American gene rest such as blues, jump blues, jazz, and gospel music, together with Western swing and country music. Though elements of rock and roll can be heard in blues records from the 1 sass and in country records of the sass, rock and roll did not acquire its name until the sass. In the earliest rock and roll styles of the late sass and early sass, either the piano or saxophone was often the lead instrument, but these were generally replaced or supplemented by guitar in the middle to late 1 sass. The beat is essentially a blues rhythm with an accentuated backseat, the latter almost always provided by a snare drum. Classic rock and roll is usually played with one or two electric guitars (one lead, one rhythm), a string bass or (after the mid-1 9505) an electric bass guitar, and a drum kit.Beyond simply a musical style, rock and roll, as seen in movies and on television, influenced lifestyles, fashion, attitudes, and language. It went on to spawn various sub- genres, often without the initially characteristic backseat, that are now more commonly called simply rock music or rock. Most notable rock n roll star would be Elvis Presley who recorded his first song thefts all right in 1954. Rock n roll influenced bangle music a great deal, especially in the 6(Yes and asss. Example: Manna De song Jibing ski baboon, Happy Khan song Bar ell Jew sonata Rock Rock music is traditionally built on a foundation of simple unconsecrated rhythms in a 4/4 meter, with a repetitive snare drum back beat on beats two and four. Rock songs from the mid-sass onwards often used the verse- chorus structure derived from blues and folk music, but there has been inconsiderable variation from this model. Critics have stressed the eclecticism and stylistic diversity of rock.Because of its complex history and tendency to borrow from other musical and cultural forms, it has been argued that it is impossible to bind rock music to a rigidly delineated musical definition. A simple 4/4 drum pattern common in rock music Unlike many earlier styles of popular music, rock lyrics have dealt with a wide range of themes in addition to romantic love: including sex, rebellion against The Establishment, social concerns and life styles.These themes were inherited from a variety of sources, incl uding the Tin Pan Alley pop tradition, folk music and rhythm and blues. The predominance of white, male and often middle class musicians in rock music has often been noted and rock has been seen as an appropriation of black musical forms for a young, white and largely male audience. As a result it has been seen as articulating the concerns of this group in both style and lyrics.Since the term rock began to be used in preference to rock and roll from the mid-1 9605, it has often been contrasted with pop music, with which it has shared many characteristics, but room which it is often distanced by an emphasis on musicianship, live performance and a focus on serious and progressive themes as part Of an ideology of authenticity that is frequently combined with an awareness of the genres history and development. [1 8] According to Simon Firth rock was something more than pop, something more than rock and roll.Rock musicians combined an emphasis on skill and technique with the romantic concept of art as artistic expression, original and sincere. In the new millennium the term rock has sometimes been used as a blanket term including forms such as pop music, reggae music, soul music, and even hip hop, with which it has been influenced but often contrasted through much o f its history. Pop music The definition of pop music is purposefully flexible as the music that is identified as pop is constantly changing.At any particular point in time it may be easiest to identify pop music as that which is successful on the pop music charts. For the past 50 years the most successful musical styles on the pop charts have continually changed and evolved. However, there are some consistent patterns in what is identified as pop music. Pop music evolved out of the rock n roll revolution of the mid-sasss and continues in a definable path to today.Like other art forms that aim to attract a mass audience (movies, television, Broadway shows), pop music has been and continues to be a melting pot that borrows and assimilates elements and ideas from a wide range of musical styles. Rock, r, country, disco, punk, and hip hop are all specific genres of music that have influenced and been incorporated into pop music in various ways over the past 5 decades. Most recently, Latin music mess to be impacting pop music more significantly than at any point in the past.

Introduction for portobello road Essay Example

Introduction for portobello road Essay I am studying Portobello Road, which is in Central London in Noting Hill. Portobello road is going through a change from what it was like in the 1950s. Portobello road is going through gentrification, which means an area going through a negative or positive change. This coursework is going to show if Portobello Road is going through gentrification and answering these key questions will prove whether my hypothesis is right or wrong. The hypothesis for this coursework is to prove whether Portobello road is going through a period of change. The Key Questions What was Portobello Road like in the past? The answer to this question will give me information on the history of Portobello Road and will show whether shops have changed. This will also show whether Portobello Road has as much of a variety of shops, as there are now and how the relationships with different cultures, the reputation of Portobello Road and compare to the relationship now to prove whether Portobello roads is changing. We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction for portobello road specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction for portobello road specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction for portobello road specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer What is Portobello Road like today? The answer to this question will give us information, which I will compare to the past Portobello Road and decide whether Portobello Road is going through gentrification or not. Changes such as the relationships between cultures, the wealth of residents and reveal shops that are still there or if they have been overtaken by chain stores. Why is Portobello Road changing? The answer to this question will verify whether Portobello road is changing and will show in detail. Detail through specific comparatives such as the relationship between races, the change in shops and the look of the street maybe because of the new reputation, the change in time. Or maybe just for the sake of it as it has been like it was for too long answering this question while solve this. What do people think about these changes? This question will concern residents and get a view of the locals opinions off whether they think Portobello Road is going through a period of change. This answer can show whether they are happy with Portobello Road changing or disappointed and may discuss to the council if they are really upset. Is Portobello Road becoming overrun by chain stores? This question will be answered when I go to Portobello Road. The answer to this question will show one of the main reasons of change, which are the impact smaller shops getting taken over by the bigger shops e.g. small newsagent turned into Next. Are the changes along Portobello Road changing its character? This question is relevant to my hypothesis as this question is stating whether signs of gentrification are changing the whole reputation of Portobello road. Changes such as more chain stores coming in could mean the wealth of Portobello road increasing which is a sign of change as Portobello road is a mixed wealth place. Are there any conflicts involved in these changes? This question will show whether gentrification has caused conflict such as arguments between landlords or from people for jobs as there were in the past from secondary source material used in class. What do you think will happen in the future to Portobello Road? This question gives me the chance to use and prove whether chain stores are overtaking the smaller shops and gives me or the reader a chance to say our opinion and also to find any evidence foreshadowing the future of Portobello road. Background Information In the 1950s Portobello road was a place, which was affected by racism, riots, crammed with people in small houses, a poor area, was a filthy place with rats and rubbishes everywhere. This area had a very high crime rate as people stole and sold to provide for their family mainly. Competition for jobs was a huge issue in the 1950s as immigrants from the Caribbean and white residents competed for jobs, which was one of the main reasons of why the area was affected by racism and riots. These days Portobello Road is full of media, large houses, and quite a wealthy area with trendy bars/restaurants and franchises such as Subway and the Orange shop. Today Portobello Road is a massive tourist attraction especially for its antique shops, which is mainly opened on the weekend. The process of an area becoming wealthier and improving in quality is called gentrification, which is exactly what seems to be happening on Portobello road. This is linked to my hypothesis as becoming a wealthier and improving are signs of change. For example: Location Portobello Road is in the borough of Kensington and Chelsea, which is in west London. Portobello road is simple to get to, as they are plenty of buses people can use to get there such as: 7,23,27,28,31,52,70,358s and the 452 buses go to and from Portobello road. Not just buses are accessible to reach Portobello road, trains are also available. There are two train stations on Portobello road, which as Ladbroke Grove and Westbourne Park station, which are on the Hammersmith ; City, line. Portobello road is just outside the central business district (CBD). The founder of the burgess model. This is a model designed to show wealth in an area, the further you live from the CBD the wealthier the area is. The model is split into many sections depending on the size of the area used to burgess model. In my study I have split up the model into five sections as shown below:

Janus by Ann Beattie Essay Example

Janus by Ann Beattie Essay Example Janus by Ann Beattie Essay Janus by Ann Beattie Essay Essay Topic: The Things They Carried In the short story â€Å"Janus†, by Ann Beattie, the central character is not a real character at all, but in fact is an inanimate object. The cream colored ceramic bowl serves as the main character throughout the story, and is correlated to the Roman God â€Å"Janus† that is identified primarily with doors or other places of passage, and is also represented as being two faced. Janus is one of two characters with names, which is also evident of her importance throughout the story. The author uses the character of Andrea to give life to Janus through discussing the bowls importance to her. In many cases the primary character of a story is simply an object that is symbolic of an ideal or underlying meaning through which the author uses to convey their message. Throughout the story Beattie uses the bowl in many ways to convey different meanings to the reader. In the beginning, its sole purpose in the story is simply a tool that Andrea uses to sell houses. She places the bowl in homes she is trying to sell, along with house plants and even her dog at times. There is a strong connection made between Andrea and her bowl, and it becomes evident that Janus means much more to her than just an aesthetically pleasing piece of ceramic art. When Andrea is trying to sell a home, she essentially tricks people into buying them by creating these setups where she brings in her own props. Beattie also uses the bowl to show the weak relationship between Andrea and her husband. There are times when it is clearly obvious that Andrea cares more about the bowl than she does her own husband. It is implied when she wakes up in the morning next to him and feels guilty; it is understood as her feeling guilty for her deeper connection to the bowl, and almost as a betrayal to her husband. There is no passion in their relationship, they simply get along fine and live together. Janus reveals another aspect of their relationship that is nonexistent, â€Å"She had asked her husband to please not drop his house key in it. It was meant to be empty†, (113) their sexual life as well as their everyday life is not passionate either. The request not to drop house keys in the bowl can be viewed this way, and it is another way to demonstrate the parallel of relationships that Andrea has. The extremely weak and non meaningful marriage to her husband, who is left nameless throughout the story and the deep seeded connection she feels towards the cream colored ceramic bowl. Beattie also reveals through the bowl another meaning it could possibly take on. At the end of the story we are told about the first day Andrea sees the bowl. She is at an arts and crafts fair with her lover when she sees Janus. When she decides she doesn’t really need the bowl she leaves it, but her lover saw something in Andrea sparkle when she saw it, so he buys it for her anyways. Not only is this man her lover, but he is also the man she is having an affair with behind her husband’s back. It is clear that Andrea and this other man are truly in love, and have a passionate romantic relationship, but Andrea cannot bring herself to leave her husband and in turn her lover grows tired of waiting and leaves her. This brings another possibility to the table of Janus’s symbolism, it could possibly be representative of the true love and passion Andrea once had in her life, but let escape. Now she doesn’t want to let it go, it has become Janus. Many authors have used the same approach to emphasizing their true message in a story. For example, in â€Å"The Things They Carried,† by Tim O’Brien, (1098) the main character is Lieutenant Jimmy Cross, but in the story the letters and pictures he carries of a girl back home become more meaningful than anything the he actually says. The fact that he carries these around with him is meaningful in itself because he is a soldier on the battlefront, and anything he packs around must have significant importance to him. He carries these letters and pictures because he believes he is truly in love with this girl, even though it is an unrequited love. He wishes for her to feel the same about him, but knows that she does not. He finds himself becoming obsessed with looking at these pictures and re-reading the letters multiple times. The notes and pictures are also symbolic of the outside world, the normal life that is going on outside of the battlefront. Jimmy finds himself getting lost in his own imagination, and thinking about home life more and more often. One day, one of his men is killed, and he believes it is his own fault for not paying enough attention to his surroundings and the situation his troop was in. He in turn decides that he must get rid of the letters and pictures so he burns them. Essentially this is symbolic of his maturity and realization that this girl does not and will not love him, and that his troop of men depends on him and looks to him for leadership and guidance. The use of the letters and pictures is like Janus because it is used to reveal more about the characters that go along with them, but also is used to portray many different shifts in the stories overall meanings. Another great story that correlates is â€Å"The Necklace,† by Guy De Maupassant. This story further continues with this theme because the main character, Mme. Loisel, is shaped by the pearl necklace that comes into her life. When she borrows it from her rich friend, she assumes that it is a real pearl necklace. It comes to mean to her then that if she wears it to the ball it will be seen as a sign of her wealth, and people will see her as a more refined person. Time goes on, and when she loses it she becomes desperate to replace it. Her and her doting husband work years to gain back the money to buy another set of expensive pearls for her friend. It turns out that the pearls were a fake, but it also makes Mme. Loisel more respectful in the sense that she has finally had to work for something in her life. The necklace was the main tool that gave her a reason to be proud of herself for working hard and earning enough money to buy a set of real pearls as a replacement for her friend. This resembles Janus because the author shows character traits and development through using an object that is symbolic for a deeper meaning. Janus† is a story that is a great example of an author characterizing her characters through using symbols and objects. The effectiveness of this writing is great because it is easy as a reader to indentify the connections between the characters and the symbols that they identify with. Using objects to form characters creates a more versatile story, this means of writing is able to take on many forms and thus develop many different underlying meanings that the author is trying to convey.

THE DECISION TO DROP THE ATOMIC BOMB ON HIROSHIMA AND NAGASAKI Essay

THE DECISION TO DROP THE ATOMIC BOMB ON HIROSHIMA AND NAGASAKI - Essay Example he loss is the result of the use of mass destruction nuclear means for just two days, then the question of the expediency and necessity of such a step of the US military operation rises. Taking into account the USA command’s belief of the Japanese capitulation being fostered by the threat of possible continuing of atomic bombing, can the fact of mass civilians’ killing be justified or not? The question of the appropriateness of the atomic bombings of Japan and their role for the end of World War II as well as their ethical validity is still the subject of scientific and public debates. There are numerous for and against arguments in this respect, and the followers of every version have particular data for support their ideas. First of all, let’s see what facts may prove the justification of dropping the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The main reason for such a decision is the desire to stop the bloody war by Japanese capitulation as quickly as possible, for preventing the massive casualties on both sides during the invasion on the territory of the belligerent powers. It was assumed that there would be great losses among the armed forces and civilian population in any case, reasoning in the military offensive or the continuation of the food blockade of Japan by overlapping not only sea routes of import but land ones as well. Feeling the whole responsibility for the consequences of his words lay on his shoulders the American President Truman says: The opponents of dropping of atomic bombs see no military necessity in their usage for Japan was suffering from bombing every day and was almost ready to capitulate. Another reason not to justify the decision of the US command, soul touching one, is the immoral nature of such a way of killing people which is perceived as a war crime against humanity and the genocide. According to the words of admiral William D. Leahy, President Truman’s Chief of Staff, the nuclear means like atomic bombs are not

Computer Science Term Paper (Follow up) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Computer Science Term Paper (Follow up) - Essay Example We live in a digital age. This means that information is stored in digital form on computers often hooked up to the internet. However, with the widespread evolution of information technology, information privacy has also been one of the most controversial issues society faces today. The implementation of protections for information can be viewed from the perspective of the computer scientist or of the user. One can see innovations in software and hardware coming everyday. This can give certain advantages and tools to hackers, spammers and other people. With the use of this, they become more dangerous to information privacy. Information privacy (security) is protected through encryptions, passwords, security update, and by other means. On the other hand, consumers and internet users accept end user license agreements (EULA) as an assurance. Therefore, any personal information protected from inappropriate use or any acts of deception. With the boom of commercial, personal (known as blogs), educational and service provider web sites, through the efforts of licensed and open source programs, various questions have been raised on the ethical implications of these innovations on information privacy. The prevalence of internet crimes related to information privacy has been increasing day by day. Moreover, because technology has been rapidly changing year by year, a long-term approach to internet privacy is still being developed. Nonetheless, an attempt to tackle such issue would not, in any way, resolve the problem. Instead, this paper will provide useful insight on the issue of information privacy, and hopefully as a starting point of future research. The concept of information privacy has been one of the most critical issues. It takes into serious consideration. Imagine a world without information privacy. Credit cardholders would have difficulty purchasing and exchanging vital

Commentaries on Catullus Poetry (Poems 72 & 42) Essay Example for Free

Commentaries on Catullus Poetry (Poems 72 42) Essay There is great nuance and sensitivity in poem 72. We are told very early in the poem that it is addressed to Lesbia, Catullus love to whom a moderate number of poems in the collection are addressed (or concern). Earlier Lesbia poems had shown Catullus simple and insatiable love for my girl1 in very romantic language: for example, the lines describing the number of times he wished that they could kiss, in poem 5, which caused Aurelius and Furius to describe Catullus as a sissy poet2. However, in poem 70 we begin to see Catullus feelings for Lesbia turn sour as he tells us that a womans words to her lover are as trustworthy as those written on wind or water after presumably disbelieving her when she told him that there was no one she would rather marry than him, not even if asked by Jove himself3. If we assume that Lesbia was Clodia Metelli, we know that she was already married, so if her words are not suggesting that she has become available, she must be describing an unfulfillable wish and it is perhaps the fact that she says these words but is unable to act on her marriage vow which causes Catullus to be so untrusting4. Compared to the outbursts of joy and fury in the poems of what has been described as the first book, poem 72 is much cooler and more analytical5: Catullus here seems to be writing from his head rather than this heart. He uses, in the poem, two striking, and contrasting, similes to try to understand his love for Lesbia. He loved her (note the past tense) as a common might love his girlfriend (72.3), but in addition to that he loved her also as a father might his sons and sons-in-law (72.4). This is touching because it obviously implies that the latter relationship might be closer, with more of a connection, than the former, and, most importantly, that Lesbia was as dear to him as a son would have been, his own flesh and blood. Wray finds this comparison interesting because it is evidence against the long-standing assumption that Roman paternity was a tyrannical and grimly loveless exercise [of parental power]6 However, from here on in, the tone of love and affection darkens to one of cynicism. Now that he knows Lesbia he is has less affection for the woman. Catullus uses the language of obligation and Lesbia, as he sees it, has wronged him7. The poem ends with the enigmatic but powerful statement that, because of the hurt she has caused him, Catullus loves Lesbia more, but likes her less. At first, this may seem like nonsense and a contradiction in terms. However, when Catullus uses the verb amare (to love) he is describing his attraction to her, a kind of lust or natural allure, something that he seemingly has no control over. As much, then, as he does not like Lesbia for what she has put him through (i.e. her adultery), his love for her remains from the simpler time when he wished to kiss you just so many kisses (7.9) Poem 85 is where Catullus perhaps expresses the ambiguity and seeming contradiction inherent in his feelings best: I hate and I love. Perhaps youre asking why I do that? I dont know, but I feel it happening, and am racked. We can again see here clearly that Catullus is less a master than a subject8 of his emotions. The fact that he paints himself as being so emotionally powerless gives such poems as these a tragic quality; it also, arguably, helps to make Catullus such a universal poet who can still touch people through the ages. Poem 73 also carries some of the injustice that Catullus had expressed in 72: the attack on a friend who is probably Rufus (though we do not realise that the poem is addressed to him until it becomes evident later in the collection) is because he has returned honest kindness with no more than ingratitude. We now realise why the lampoons on Rufus alternated with Lesbia-poems at 69-72.9 This whole section of Catullus collection is a study of betrayal and adverse emotions. In the very first line of poem 72, Catullus talks about himself in the third-person, and this seems to be a literary device which emphasises the fact that he is not in control: it is Lesbia (and her actions) who is the subject of the poem. By declaring that his passion is more intense (72.5) Catullus leads us to think that he is about to, also, tell us how much he therefore loves Lesbia. However, by introducing the dichotomy in the last line between his love and dislike for Lesbia, our expectations are finally overthrown, which makes the contrast seem to be huge. It is by means of literary effects such as these that Catullus manages to express the almost inexpressible nuance of his emotion. This poem, ultimately, is most successful when read as part of the collection, as one can then draw links between the subtle issues in the Lesbia poems and see the complex web of emotions that Catullus paints for us. The development from a romantic, devoting relationship between Lesbia and Catullus to the trauma of that relationship breaking down is fascinating, and may reflect the emotions of millions of people alive today in similar situations. Poem XLII This poem is perhaps most interesting because it in itself can be seen as an imitation of the Roman practice of flagitatio10, which was a form of popular justice involving a crowd surrounding the man suspected of wrongdoing (or his house) whilst shouting roughly rhythmical phrases in unflattering language, demanding redress11. This was a very effective tactic because in a small community fear of defamation was strong; though it did, of course, rely on having friends willing to engage in the practice in order for what was seen as justice to be done. In this case, Catullus tells us that the crime was the theft of a notebook and the subsequent refusal to return it12. We can only speculate about the girl who stole them (though it has been inferred from the fact that she is described as an adulteress13 that she may well be Lesbia) and we also have just as little knowledge about what Catullus stolen notebook may have contained (and why it seems to be so precious to him): we may guess that it contained poetry, but that is no more than a guess. If that were true, the first two lines would contain a sweet irony: Catullus deploys poetry himself, hendecasyllables, as his flagitatio mob. He orders the hendecasyllables to come from everywhere (42.2), to metaphorically surround her. The image is an intimidating one: the lines of poetry have become men enclosing in on the suspect, shouting about her crime. When Catullus demands, Dirty adulteress, give back the notebook. Give back the notebook, dirty adulteress (42.11-12), he is using a technique common to flagitatio: the reversal of word order belonged to a very old popular custom as a means of intensifying the demand14. Catullus readership, we can surely assume, would have been aware of such devices and would at once have understood what Catullus was doing. Between the demands for the notebook, there is much invective and abuse hurled at the girl. Catullus tells us that she has an ugly gait, a face like a Gallican puppys (42.9) and is a filthy trollop (42.13) and a brazen bitch-face (42.17). Newman describes this as a fine example of carnival caricature included for primarily humorous effect15. However, it is not hard to see how these lines could be intended to have a hurtful effect, too, shaming the thief into repentance. Catullus is also all too aware of his social superiority10 and may simply be arrogantly showing his self-importance by making such a fuss over the loss of his notebook. This idea can be seen in, for example, poem 84, in which Catullus mocks Arrius incorrect use of aspirates which is surely caused by the politicians less privileged upbringing: Catullus attack, in this case as could be argued is the case in poem 42, is really then a display of his own aristocratic superiority. There is also a general link with poems such as 46, in which Catullus advertises his social status by documenting his travels with a sense of entitlement to faraway Roman lands. Perhaps the most pleasing feature of this poem is its conclusion. After all the fortissimo shouting, invective and carmina (chanting typical of flagitatio16), Catullus decides that he needs to change tone and tactics (42.22). He thus, seemingly sarcastically, ends the poem by asking for the notebook not by calling her a dirty adulteress but a virtuous lady (42.24), as we see that his invective has, somewhat comically, failed in its objective. On the other hand, the last line could more literally be interpreted as an acknowledgement of the flaws of this kind of public system of obtaining restitution. It does not seem unlikely that the girl would have responded more positively to flattery than flagitatio: Catullus could thus be making a wider point about the role of invective in society. The poem, in the collection, sits between invective poems on either side of it, with the previous three poems containing invective, some quite rude and obscene: in poem 43, for example, Mamurras mistress is described as being ugly from head to toe and, in poem 41, Ameana is called the female fuck-up. Perhaps, then, poem 42 is in the perfect location to show Catullus invective being tempered: it is in that poem that he shows that such anger does not always produce the desired effects. In poems 41 and 43, however, we are not shown any consequences of Catullus airing his opinions. We are simply told, in each, that there is an ugly girl in whom he is not interested: there is not intended to be the nuance and comedy value that poem 42 contains. To conclude, Catullus adopting the form of flagitatio for this poem underscores the poets association with the traditional purposes and values inherent in Roman invective17; not only does he derive authority from the tradition of the technique, but it also allows him to attack her harshly and eloquently. However, ultimately, he couldnt force a blush from, in Catullus words, the brazen bitch-face. We, therefore, see the limitations of invective: perhaps Catullus is admitting to us that we should see it as little more than entertainment. More importantly, though, the twist at the end of the poem is of stylistic and comedic value and can, perhaps, be said to show Catullus eloquence. Moreover, the fact that he feels no qualms at using such openly offensive language can be attributed to the fact that Romans would surely have sympathised with his demands for justice in face of a thief and may, also, be a reflection of his superior social status (not to mention the lower regard with which women were held generally) and consequent security in his right to show his anger in whatever way that he pleased. Ultimately, the poem makes character assassination into an appealing and technically adept art. Bibliography Dyson, J.T. (2007). The Lesbia Poems, in M.B. Skinner (ed.), A Companion to Catullus (Oxford) 254-275. Fitzgerald, W. (1999). Catullan Provocations: Lyric Poetry and the Drama of Position. London. Fraenkel, E. (1961). Catullus XLII, in J.H. Gaisser (ed.), Oxford Readings in Classical Studies: Catullus (Oxford) 356-368. Newman, J.K. (1990). Roman Catullus. Bodenheim. Selden, D.L. (1992). Catullus and the Rhetoric of Performance, in J.H. Gaisser (ed.), Oxford Readings in Classical Studies: Catullus (Oxford) 490-559. Tatum, W.J. (2007). Social Commentary and Political Invective, in M.B. Skinner, A Companion to Catullus (Oxford) 333-354. Wiseman, T.P. (1985). Catullus and his World: A Reappraisal. Cambridge. Wray, D. (2001). Catullus and the Poetics of Roman Manhood. Cambridge. 1 Catullus 2.1. 2 cf. Catullus 16. 3 Catullus 70.2. 4 Dyson (2007) 269. 5 Wiseman (1985) 166. 6 Wray (2001) 112. 7 Fitzgerald (1999) 117. 8 Selden (1992) 541. 9 Wiseman (1985) 167. 10 Fitzgerald (1999) 62. 11 Fraenkel (1961) 364. 12 Catullus 42.4 (refuses to give me our notebook back). 13 Catullus 42.12 14 Fraenkel (1961) 363. 15 Newman (1990) 192. 16 Fraenkel (1961) 364. 17 Tatum (2007) 337.

Charles Dickens Great Expectations Essay -- Great Expectations Essays

Charles Dickens' Great Expectations Charles Dickens wrote Great Expectations in 1860-1861 when he was in London. It is set in the mid nineteenth century, in Kent, and London. The basic plot of Great Expectations is: Pip, a young orphan living with his sister and her husband in the marshes of Kent, sits in a cemetery one evening looking at his parents' tombstones. Suddenly, an escaped convict springs up from behind a tombstone, grabs Pip, and orders him to bring him food and a file for his leg irons. Pip obeys, but the fearsome convict is soon captured anyway. The convict protects Pip by claiming to have stolen the items himself. One day his uncle takes him to Miss Havishams house to play. A few years later he is apprenticed to his sisters husband. One-day pip is told that he is to live in London and has great expectations thanks to a secret friend. A couple of years after this the convict comes back to pip and tells him that he is the person that has been supplying all the money to him and that ever since Pip help him he promised himself that he would make Pip a gentleman. Pip is appalled at this but helps the convict to escape back to Australia. Before the convict escapes he is caught is put back into prison, he gets ill and dies. Before he dies he tells Pip that he has a daughter who was put up for adoption when she was a baby. Pip believes this to be Estella (who he used to play with at miss Havishams house and is in love with her). Miss havisham has died and has left her money to the pockets. Pip decides to go abroad with his friend to work. After some have past Pip comes back home where he goes to Miss Havishams old house where he finds Estella. He finds her coldness and hardness has been repl... ...d social status. This idea soon changes when Pip gets to London. He tries to be a gentleman when he reaches London but soon realises that he has a lot to learn and soon he starts to hate his past, the way he was brought up. After time he begins to hate Joe and the way he makes his living, but when Magwitch tells him who gave the order for him to become a gentleman, he starts to think about himself and what he has become. Then he remembers where his roots are, and who his family are. This is when he realises there's two types of gentleman the good type that he wanted to become and the bad type the one he has become. Only when he helps to save Magwitchs life by putting his own in danger he becomes a true gentleman. Also I think Dickens wanted us to remember where are roots are and who our true family and friends, by the time we had finished reading the book. Charles Dickens' Great Expectations Essay -- Great Expectations Essays Charles Dickens' Great Expectations Charles Dickens wrote Great Expectations in 1860-1861 when he was in London. It is set in the mid nineteenth century, in Kent, and London. The basic plot of Great Expectations is: Pip, a young orphan living with his sister and her husband in the marshes of Kent, sits in a cemetery one evening looking at his parents' tombstones. Suddenly, an escaped convict springs up from behind a tombstone, grabs Pip, and orders him to bring him food and a file for his leg irons. Pip obeys, but the fearsome convict is soon captured anyway. The convict protects Pip by claiming to have stolen the items himself. One day his uncle takes him to Miss Havishams house to play. A few years later he is apprenticed to his sisters husband. One-day pip is told that he is to live in London and has great expectations thanks to a secret friend. A couple of years after this the convict comes back to pip and tells him that he is the person that has been supplying all the money to him and that ever since Pip help him he promised himself that he would make Pip a gentleman. Pip is appalled at this but helps the convict to escape back to Australia. Before the convict escapes he is caught is put back into prison, he gets ill and dies. Before he dies he tells Pip that he has a daughter who was put up for adoption when she was a baby. Pip believes this to be Estella (who he used to play with at miss Havishams house and is in love with her). Miss havisham has died and has left her money to the pockets. Pip decides to go abroad with his friend to work. After some have past Pip comes back home where he goes to Miss Havishams old house where he finds Estella. He finds her coldness and hardness has been repl... ...d social status. This idea soon changes when Pip gets to London. He tries to be a gentleman when he reaches London but soon realises that he has a lot to learn and soon he starts to hate his past, the way he was brought up. After time he begins to hate Joe and the way he makes his living, but when Magwitch tells him who gave the order for him to become a gentleman, he starts to think about himself and what he has become. Then he remembers where his roots are, and who his family are. This is when he realises there's two types of gentleman the good type that he wanted to become and the bad type the one he has become. Only when he helps to save Magwitchs life by putting his own in danger he becomes a true gentleman. Also I think Dickens wanted us to remember where are roots are and who our true family and friends, by the time we had finished reading the book.

Nomads on Notice Essay

In â€Å"Nomads on Notice,† anthropologist Daniel Stiles describes the changing lifestyle of the Gabbra pastoralist. They are one of the numerous nomadic societies that are at odds with the industrial world. The unforgiving territory of Northern Kenya is divided among several tribes. They are all very fierce when it comes to defending their territory. This is very similar to what we have learned in class, relating to the Warrior Groups. The Warrior Groups are usually young males, around twelve years of age, whom protect their land, animals, and people. This region consists of 35,000 Gabbra pastoralists. They claim the dry and salty mud flats of the Chalbi Desert and the eastern shore of Lake Turkana. The Gabbra must move often, up to ten times a year. This is due to the scarcity and temporary nature of water sources and vegetation. Camps would usually split and travel in smaller groups to accommodate the carrying capacity of the land. This is considered Pastoralism, another topic we have learned in class. Pastoralism is the ownership and control over domesticated animals that appear to be about ten thousand. They have more material items than hunting and gathering, but not as much as agriculturalists do. The Gabbra have very few possessions and can pack a settlement and be on their way within a number of hours. Gabbra societies are lead by married men. Their levels of authority are based on their age, how old they are. The main animals of Gabbra society are camels, goats, cattle, and sheep. The animals that provide milk are usually kept at the main camp. The animals that do not give milk are sent off to distant camps called fora, to prevent overgrazing. The fora serve as the border of tribal territories and they are run by young warriors, so they can prevent raids by other tribes. Pastoral societies travel in small groups, usually less than one hundred. They travel frequently, usually every season, to find the most nourishing land for their livestock. In class, we have learned the same, such as they are nomadic with a seasonal around and they move and travel every season. Approximately one hundred through five hundred people will move together at a time. It is also heard for them to engage in a limited amount of horticulture. In class, we have learned that the term horticulture is control over land that they use no tools or factors whatsoever. Everything is done by hand, which means no irrigation or complex machinery. Almost all Pastoral societies consist of all male. In order to fulfill excellent labor needs, the Gabbra rely on their extended kinship and social ties for help. People have large families and live as extended families in large households. Each male in the household may have a different herd to care for. Their duties and tasks may be paid for with food or stock offspring. People may obtain animals as gifts, inheritance, or on a loan. Due to this, it is difficult to figure exactly how many animals one Gabbra may own. The Gabbra does not allow someone to obtain more animals than he and his dependents actually need. If someone exceeds of their livestock, he would redistribute them to the needy as loans or gifts. We have also learned this in class, redistribution. Redistribution is where goods and services are sent to a central authority, and then given out to those who need it. This system of redistribution minimizes the burden placed on the environment. The Gabbra usually store small portions of food, because they are in short supply. Although they are in short supply, the foods that they store can be kept for long periods of time. The recent problems that the Gabbra are facing are nothing new, but they are being heavily influenced to deal with them in much different manners by Westerners. Foreign relief services, missionaries, and government officials are not only providing food relief, but they are telling the Gabbra that their way of life is backwards and primitive. This is an example of ethnocentrism, which is when one culture believes that another culture is wrong and their culture is superior. The lifestyle of the Gabbra can improve if the rain returns and neighboring countries regain stability. If the conditions do not improve, the Gabbra may be forced to change their way of life altogether. Many cultures have been destroyed or nearly destroyed, because of assimilation. People who attempt to assist Gabbra must understand that they must accept their way of life and not change it. References: http://www.questia.com/library/1P3-4957983/nomads-on-notice http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/9308230122/nomads-notice

Aristotle Is A Well Renowned Philosopher That Lived And

Aristotle is a well renowned philosopher that lived and taught in Greece during the time of 350 B.C. He was a student of Plato, yet is famous for rejecting Plato’s theory of forms. He was both a prolific writer in addition to a polymath and expanded the knowledge of numerous areas of study. He even classified a multitude of distinctions for different aspects of knowledge that are still in use today such as mathematics and biology. Aristotle was the first to develop a formalized system of logic which was based on the structure of an argument rather than its contents. Aristotle created some 200 treatises of which only 31 survive in a manuscript format instead of how Aristotle would lecture them to his students. He was well known for his†¦show more content†¦Why are humans able to reason? It is because they have a rational soul. Then why do they have a rational soul? It is because they are able to reason. Henceforth the argument is of circular logic. It does however give us a classification for different categories of life which is important in Aristotle s delvings into the sciences. Aristotle lacked the technical and conceptual tools utilized by modern science in his endeavors to explain why something is true instead of the statement that something it is true. Utilizing the Aristotelian invention of syllogism, Aristotle’s logic followed that if the premises for an explanation of a phenomena is valid, as is the form, then the conclusion will be that of scientific truth. While Aristotle erred in his findings in many of the various scientific realms, such as a geocentric versus heliocentric solar system, his scientific application of syllogism gave way to modern scientific empiricism which is the idea that an abstract argument must be supported by factual evidence and for the theory to be judged by a tribunal of observation. Given the numerous advances in technology and the human culture since 350 B.C. and Aristotle’s syllogistic view, it is possible that he could adapt to modern viewpoints by applying means of demonstrations and scientific deduction in tandem with modern knowledge convey what modern science currently holds as true. It is also important to know that science is ever changing,Show MoreRelatedEssay about The Philosopher, Aristotle1173 Words   |  5 Pages The Philosopher, Aristotle The ancient Greek philosopher, Aristotle was an amazing individual who possessed a multitude of talents ranging from mastery of rhetoric to interest in physiology. Aristotle lived during the fourth century B.C. in ancient Greece. The culture of the Greeks during this time differs greatly from our present day life and times. 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